Question

Test I.

2. Which is NOT a function of the urinary system.

A. regulationof blood volume

B. excretion of wastes

C. regulation of erythrocyte production

D. regulation of lymphocyte production

3. An increase of ADH causes the kidneys to ______ the reabsorption of water, causing them to produce ______ urine.

A. increase; more

B. increase, less

C. decrease; more

D. decrease; less

4. Aldosterone casues an increase in Na+ and Cl- _______ from the nephrons, which _______ the volume of urine output.

A. reabsorption; increases

B. reabsorption; decreases

C. secretion; increases

D. secretion; decreases

5. The nurse is about to transfuse a unit of packed RBC to her client. While checking the line, she found out that the IV line was primed with 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline solution. Which of the following should the nurse do?

A. Hang the blood using the fluid hanged with the IV line.

B. Change the fluid using appropriate IV fluid for blood transfusion

C. Defer the blood transfusion

D. Ask the attending physician to order the change of IV fluid to appropriate solution

6. A client was rushed in the ED for sudden loss of consciousness. As the ED nurse you found out that he has been in field for a few hours now under the heat of the sun for an athletics training. Which of the following should the nurse suspect?

A. Cerebrovascular accident

B. Severe dehydration

C. Trauma

D. Malnutrition

7. The patient with severe dehydration was started on an IV infusion of PLRS 1 liter regulated at 125cc per hour. The IV was started at 10:00am. When the nurse checked the hanged IV bottle at 12nn, she found out that the IV level is at 600cc level. Which of the following should the nurse implement?

A. Assess patient for signs of fluid overload and cerebral edema

B. Report incident to the supervisor

C. Document the finding

D. Do nothing, the patient is dehydrated.

8. The student nurse was assigned to a patient of IV fluid therapy. Based on her understanding of the dynamics of fluids and electrolyte, she correctly identified that the process of the movement of solutes in an area of lower concentration gradient to an area of higher concentration is called?

A. Osmosis

B. Active transport

C. Diffusion

D. Hydrostatic pressure

9. Which of the following are the regulators of fluid and electrolyte balance.

A. Epinephrine

B. Mineralocorticoids

C. Glucocorticoids

D. Natriuretic peptides

E. ADH

F. Angiotensil

10. Select all that applies. Which of the following are the possible signs and symptoms of dehydration

A. Confusion

B. Body weakness

C. Normal body temperature

D. Elevated blood pressure

E. Oliguria

F. Hemodilution

G. Hemoconcentration

11. The nurse is assigned at the geriatric floor of the hospital. He was assigned to Mr. Smith, who has been diagnosed with mild form of Alzheimer's disease. Despite of this, he was described the resident staff of the floor as the "most cheery" and "most manageable" of all the patients. When the nurse approached him, he began cussing at the nurse. The nurse noted that the water container left at his bedside the night before was left untouched. Which of the following should the nurse suspect?

A. Worsening condition of the patient's Alzheimer's disease

B. The patient might have an infection

C. The resident staff lied to him

D. The patient may be dehydrated

12. Which of the following should the nurse instruct to a mother who delivered a newborn 24 hours ago to prevent the neonate from becoming dehydrated?

A. Breastfeedthe baby once he cries incessantly

B. Avoid breastfeeding the baby when he's sleeping

C. Give the baby a bottle of distilled water

D. Breastfeed the baby every 2 hours

13. The nurse is caring a patient with severe dehydration due to gastroenteritis. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in her plan of care? Select all that applies.

A. Place her in a room far from the station.

B. Monitor I and O quantitatively

C. Put patient on strict NPO

D. Administer hypertonic IV fluids like D5NSS or D5LRS

E. Limit visitors and provide a quiet, dim-lighted room

F. Apply shea butter on dry skin

14. The following conditions may accelerate fluid loss, except:

A. Typhoid fever lasting 3 days

B. Amoebiasis

C. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

D. Cushing's disease

E. SIADH

F. Psychogenic polydipsia

15. What are the two major fluid compartments in the body?

A. Transcellular fluid

B. Intracellular fluid

C. Interstitial fluid

D. Vascular fluid

E.Extracellularfluid

Answer 1

2.D. regulation of lymphocyte production

3.B. increase, less

4.B  reabsorption; decreases

5. A. Hang the blood using the fluid hanged with the IV line.

6.B. Severe dehydration

7.A. Assess patient for signs of fluid overload and cerebral edema

8.A. Osmosis

9.E. ADH

10.

A. Confusion

B. Body weakness

D. Elevated blood pressure

E.Oliguria

11.D. The patient may be dehydrated

12.D. Breastfeed the baby every 2 hours

13.

B. Monitor I and O quantitatively

C. Put patient on strict NPO

D. Administer hypertonic IV fluids like D5NSS or D5LRS

E. Limit visitors and provide a quiet, dim-lighted room

14.

D. Cushing's disease

E. SIADH

F. Psychogenic polydipsia

15.B & E

intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid