Question

Compare and contrast the types and levels of proteins necessary for renal patients with nephrotic syndrome, acute kidney disease, and chronic kidney disease.

Answer 1

Nephrotic syndrome occur when filtering unit of the kidney is damaged,, so urinary protein loss exceeds the synthetic capacity of the liver which decreases oncotic pressure and causes edema.

in nephrotic syndrome, albumin /creatinine ratio us more than 200

protein/ creatinine ratio is more than 300

loss of protein is more than 3gm per 24 hour

Acute renal failure or acute kidney injury

it is sudden and usually, reversible change loss of renal function which develops over a day or week is usually accompanied by reduction in urine volume.

high creatinine, usually no change in protein level

chronic renal failure

irreversible deterioration in renal function which classically develop over a period of time.

as disease advance serum creatinine level start to decrease,

ACR is morethan 30mg/mol

PCR ic more  then 50mg/mol