Question

A group of nursing students have been assigned a presentation during postclinical conference on the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and why diabetics must take insulin.

a) List five key bullet points about the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.

b) Explain in three bullet points how insulin helps the body.

Answer 1

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIABETES MELLITUS:

Due to etiological factors such as genetic predisposition and, obesity and lifestyle results in insulin resistant which leads the beta cells hyperplasia to compensate which is normoglycemia subsequently leading to early beta failure which results in impaired glucose tolerance, following late beta failure and eventually causes diabetes mellitus.

HOW INSULIN HELPS THE BODY :

• Insulin helps the pancreas to produce insulin whenever it is needed.
• Inhibits the production of hormone that initiates the liver that produces glucose.
• Slows down the breakdown of glucose.
• Helps in storing and using the energy whenever it is needed.
• Without insulin the body cannot use the glucose in the body.