a)
Type 1 diabetes is also called insulin-dependent diabetes. It used to be called juvenile-onset diabetes, because it often begins in childhood.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition. It happens when your body attacks your pancreas with antibodies. The organ is damaged and doesn't make insulin.
Type 2 diabetes used to be called non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes. But it’s become more common in children and teens over the past 20 years, largely because more young people are overweight or obese. About 90% of people with diabetes have type 2.
Insulin resistance, when your cells don’t respond to insulin, usually happens in fat, liver, and muscle cells.
Type 2 diabetes is often milder than type 1. major causes of stroke and heart diseases.
b)
If uncontrolled, diabetes can damage your heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. This is why it is so important to get screened for diabetes and take steps to prevent it if you are identified to be at increased risk. Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood sugar, or glucose, is too high.
6 natural ways to prevent diabetes before it starts
Cut sugar and refined carbohydrates from your diet. Eating foods high in refined carbohydrates and sugar increases blood sugar and insulin levels, which may lead to diabetes over time. ...
Quit smoking if you are a current tobacco user. ...
Watch your portions. ...
Aim for 30. ...
Drink water. ...
Eat fiber.
Eat more
Healthy fats from nuts, olive oil, fish oils, flax seeds, or avocados.
Fruits and vegetables—ideally fresh, the more colorful the better; whole fruit rather than juices.
High-fiber cereals and breads made from whole grains.
Fish and shellfish, organic chicken or turkey.
c,)
Major Risk Factors
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension). High blood pressure increases your risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. ...
High Blood Cholesterol. One of the major risk factors for heart disease is high blood cholesterol. ...
Diabetes. ...
Obesity and Overweight. ...
Smoking. ...
Physical Inactivity. ...
Gender. ...
Heredity.
High blood pressure is the leading cause of stroke and is the main cause for increased risk of stroke among people with diabetes.
e)
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in a body. These abnormal cells are termed cancer cells, malignant cells, or tumor cells.
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
>Genes are a set of instructions that determine what the organism is like, its appearance, how it survives, and how it behaves in its environment. Genes are made of a substance called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. They give instructions for a living being to make molecules called proteins.
There exist 2 classes of such cancer genes: the oncogenes, which function as positive growth regulators, and the tumor suppressor genes, which function as negative growth regulators.
Certain gene changes can cause cells to evade normal growth controls and become cancer. For example, some cancer-causing gene changes increase production of a protein that makes cells grow.
>Normal cells listen to signals from neighboring cells and stop growing when they encroach on nearby tissues (something called contact inhibition). Cancer cells ignore these cells and invade nearby tissues. Benign (non-cancerous) tumors have a fibrous capsule.
Normal body cells grow and divide and know to stop growing. Over time, they also die. Unlike these normal cells, cancer cells just continue to grow and divide out of control an don't die.
Cancer cells have a mutation in their DNA that causes them to grow more rapidly than normal cells. ... When that occurs, cell division will stop
>The major types of cancer are carcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, lymphoma, and leukemia. Carcinomas -- the most commonly diagnosed cancers -- originate in the skin, lungs, breasts, pancreas, and other organs and glands. Lymphomas are cancers of lymphocytes. Leukemia is cancer of the blood.
Four main types of cancer are:
Carcinomas. A carcinoma begins in the skin or the tissue that covers the surface of internal organs and glands. ...
Sarcomas. A sarcoma begins in the tissues that support and connect the body. ...
Leukemias. Leukemia is a cancer of the blood. ...
Lymphomas.
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