Question

1. Most Antitumor antibiotics are considered to be:

A. Epipodophyllotoxins. B. Vesicants. C. Irritants. D. Immunotoxins.

2. The following is a risk factor for anthracycline-induced Cardiotoxicity:

A. Male Gender. B. Middle-Aged. C. Decreased in biomarkers. D. Lifetime Cumulative dose.

3. Prior to the administration of cytarabine liposomal, the nurse prepares a patient for:

A. a Central line insertion. B. an infusion of fluids. C. Lumbar puncture. D. a surgical procedure.

4. Which of the following has a high potential risk for an immediate hypersensitivity reaction?

A. Mercaptopurine. B. Doxorubicin. C. Cisplatin. D. Dacarbazine.

Answer 1

1. D. Immunotoxins.

An immunotoxin is an artificial protein consisting of a targeting portion linked to a toxin. When the protein binds to that cell, it is taken in through endocytosis, and the toxin kills the cell. They are used for the treatment of some kinds of cancer and a few viral infections.

Antibody therapies have become an important component in the management of malignant disease. Antibodies can block tumour growth factors or their receptors, activate immunological attack on the tumour, and are used to deliver payloads such as radioisotopes, cytotoxic drugs or toxins. Immunotoxins are a new class of antitumour agents consisting of tumour- selective ligands linked to highly toxic protein molecules and take the advantage of the exquisite specificity of antibodies to selectively target drug delivery and the potency of toxins to kill the target cells. Toxins are modified to remove their normal tissue-binding domains by genetic engineering. Analysis of the aminoacid sequence of the region specific for immunogenecity and the signal transduction mechanisms involved in the interaction of immunotoxins with tumour cells will give the clue for the development of most efficient immunotoxins.

2. D. Lifetime Cumulative dose

As noted above, the greatest risk factor for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is the cumulative dose.

3. D. a surgical procedure

How Cytarabine Liposomal Is Given: Liposomal cytarabine is given is by intraventricular or intrathecal infusion. This method is used when drugs need to reach the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) the fluid that is surrounding the brain and spinal cord, the drug is infused directly into the spinal fluid.

4. c. cisplastin

Hypersensitivity reactions generally occur within a few minutes of the start of the infusion of the drug and are usually mild to moderate. The most frequently reported symptoms are flushing, rash with or without pruritus, chest tightness, back pain, dyspnoea and fever or chills.