Question

1. Describe and explain the stages related to language and literacy development in young children birth to age 8.

Answer 1

Language development :the first eight years

1- (3 -12months) : in this stage the baby will most likely to laugh play with the sounds and starts begin to communicate with the gestures like it will gives some indication while waving .

Babbling is the most important development stage during the 1^st year ,like the baby might sound like they are talking and having a communication .first words often starts by around 12 months.

2- (12-18 months): in this stage children often says their first words with meaning . they repeat words and sentences . they use language to name belongings and point out named objects ..

3- (18months – 2 years) : in the second year the vocabulary become more strong and they will start to put two words together into short sentences. This is the stage where the child understand what you want to try to say and you can understand what your child says to you.

4- (2-3 years) : sentences contain more then four words . knows and understand nursery rhymes .

In this stage they start talking to themselves while playing ,they quickly learns new words .strangers can probably understands most of what the says.

5- ( 3-5 years): in this stage vocabulary is now extensive. Long sentences are used .in this period questioning is at its peak and questions become more precise .

6- ( 5-8 years ) : in this stages now they understand all the opposites word and meaning, they easily classified according to the colour shape and size . they start to form complex and compound sentences .they carry on meaningful conversation with adult and able to read and write .

Literacy development –first eight years

1- stage 0( Pre reading ) :in the age between 6 months to 6 years old . the child gains the ability to write his or her name and can identified the written alphabets .by the age of six the child starts to understands thousands of words

2- Stage 1( initial reading and decoding) :in the age between 6 and 7years old , the child is learning the relation between letters and sound and between prints and spoken words . in this period the child able to read simple sentences . and in relation to writing the child starts to moving from scribbling to controlled scribbling to nonphonetic letters strings .

3- Stage 2 ( confirmation and fluency) :the age between 7-8years old , the child starts to read simple ,familiar stories and selections with increasing fluency .