Question

Which of the following antibiotics targets the 30s ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria?

Answer 1

The following antibiotics bind to the ribosome's 30S subunit:

• aminoglycosides
• tetracyclines.

Classification :

aminoglycosides

• Amikacin
• Gentamicin
• Kanamycin
• Neomycin
• Tobramycin

tetracyclines.

• Tetracyclines obtained from biosynthesis comes under first generation include chlortetecycline, oxytetracycline, demeclocycline, etc.
• Tetracyclines of the second generation consist of doxycycline, lymecycline, meclocycline, methacycline, minocycline, and rolitetracycline obtained from tetracycline semi-synthesis.
• Tigecycline, which is derived from complete synthesis, is involved in the third generation. Tigecycline has broad-spectrum activity (against both gram-positive/negative bacteria).

Mechanism :

• aminoglycosides

By irreversibly binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, aminoglycosides act resulting in peptide synthesis disruption. Bactericidal activity, especially in aerobic Gram-negative bacilli, against susceptible organisms is rapid.

• tetracyclines.

Tetracycline is a short-acting antibiotic which inhibits translation by inhibiting bacterial growth. It binds to the subunit of the 30S ribosome and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the ribosome's A site.

Therapeutic Uses :

• aminoglycosides

In the treatment of serious infections of the abdomen and urinary tract, as well as bacteremia and endocarditis, aminoglycosides are used. They are also used for prophylaxis, especially for endocarditis.

• tetracyclines.

Treat infections caused by bacteria, including pneumonia and other infections of the respiratory tract; certain skin, eye, lymph, digestive, genital, and urinary tract infections; and certain other infections caused by ticks, lice, mites, and infected animals.

Adverse effects :

• aminoglycosides

Ototoxicity ,Nephrotoxicity and Neurotoxicity

• tetracyclines.

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal or epigastric discomfort, headache, dizziness, and photosensitivity.