Question

Which of the following is NOT part of the first line of defense?

Inflammation

Fever

Leukocytes reaction to a pathogen

Secretions

Answer 1

Answer:- Inflammation, fever and leukocytes reactions to a pathogen.

These are secondary defence mechanisms of the body.

The body's first line of defence mechanisms Includes the physical and chemical barriers.

They are.:-

1. skin.

2. mucous membranes.

3.secretions of skin and mucous membranes.

4.urine, gastric secretions,tears, cilia and friendly bacteria

skin provides a barrier against pathogens.

sebum is secreated it contains fatty acids.It kills bacteria.

saliva contains enzymes kills microorganisms.

cilia wipes bacteria and mucous from the airways.

Tears contains lysozyme kills bacteria.

Gastric secretions kills bacteria and parasites that are swallowed.

urine flushes out pathogens .

friendly bacteria (normal flora) grows in our skin.It prevents pathogens.

If the pathogens crosses the first line of defence mechanisms the second line of defence mechanisms started.

It includes

1- phagocytic leukocytes , they migrate to infection sites and engulf foreign bodies.

2- Inflammation.

The inflammatory response increases the capillary permeability at the infection site leads to localized swelling.

3.fever.

Increased body temperature helps to suppress the growth of microorganisms.

The body's defence mechanisms helps us to maintain our health. It prevents diseases by preventing entry of microorganisms to our body .