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PHC 261

Describe the term occupational epidemiology and explain the types of studies that are used in this practice. (300 words)

Answer 1

Epidemiology is a part of medical science which is related to the occurance, dissemination and manage an illness in a particular area .Occupational epidemiology is one of the subpart of epidemiology which deals with the work related health issues.It mainly focus on the workers and the work localty. Here investigations and studies clearly focused on workers and the place of work to identify the problems in the area. The working atmosphere and the safety issues in view of the worker's health.Potential hazards also in attention .According to the finding maintain a risk assessment strategy and a risk management programme to ensure a safe working environment. For the above mentioned facts need to be proved with proper evidence .So need to perform some studies and researches.The common studies are

1 CASE SERIES. It means normally an occupational epidemiological investigation starts with an onset of any diseases or events occur in aparticular number or people in a certain workplace.This type of incident initially considered as adisease cluster.It wont go for further studies.

2.COHORT STUDIES. This is a type of comparison study,which means compare a group of people or cohort to a particular set of people those who are not prone to any workplace dangers.This same groups of people can be investigated in the future too .

3.CASE CONTROL STUDIES. Also a comparison study which compare the exposed population in a particular time period in the past .Here study will conduct in the diseased and healthy cases in the same scenario.

4.CROSS SECTIONAL STUDIES. In this study relay on the disease prevalence .All other studies base on the incidence of a particular disease or condition.