Question

A researcher is investigating the relationship between typing and carpal tunnel syndrome. The researcher suspects that both age and sex may be potential confounders of this relationship and knows they must address this. For each potential confounder (e.g. age and sex), please describe ways in which these researchers could control for confounding

1. In the design phase and then

2.  In the analysis phase.

Answer 1

Confounding are the any factors associated both with the exposure and outcome that leads to mistaken estimates of outcome.

Confounding can be removed during design phase by

1-matching (most common method)

2-randomisation

3-restriction

4-stratification

5- stratified randomization.(best method).

Most common method of removal of confounding during analysis is blinding specifically triple blinding in which subjects investigator and analyzer are not awarw of anything.

Hope it helps. All the best ?