Question

You work in a "planning" clinic and follow a young couple who are planning to have a first child soon. Unfortunately the couple experiences some difficulties. First of all, you help them determine the woman's fertile window. a) Knowing that his cycle is regular, lasting 24 days and that his last menstruation started on December 1st, calculate her period of fertility. (Explicitly demonstrate all the steps and parameters of your process and your calculations) b) Explain to the couple how the fertile period helps fertilization. (Explain in detail the hormonal changes specific to the period of fertility as well as their impact on the physiology of women) Several months later and after several attempts, you have a second meeting with the couple who failed to give birth. You ask this have a blood sample taken from them. The woman's blood work returns to normal, except for a low level ovarian hormones. Note that the woman is, at this time, in the phase luteal of its ovarian cycle. a) How does this result explain the woman's inability to get pregnant? (Explain in detail the physiological processes impacted by hormones ovaries at this stage of the cycle and how they influence the ability of the woman to get pregnant) b) What would you prescribe the woman to deal with the problem? Why? (Make the link between the physiological processes described in a) and your choice of treatments.

Answer 1

a) PERIOD IF FERTILITY=AVERAGE LENGTH OF CYCLE-14 DAYS * LAST MENSTRUAL PERIOD= DEC 1 * AVERAGE LENGTH OF CYCLE=24 DAYS * PERIOD OF FERTILITY= 24-14= 10 * OVULATION DAY IS 10 FIVE DAYS BEFORE AND ON THE OVULATION DAY IS THE FERTILITY PERIOD=5, 6,7,8,9,10 b)* DURING FERTILE PERIOD " THE LUTINISING HORMONE ( LH) INCREASED TO STIMULATE OVULATION. * OVARIAN HORMONES PROGESTERONE INCREASE DURING FERTILE PERIODAND HELPS TO GROWTH OF UTERINE LINING OR ENDOMETRIUM FOR ACCEPTING FERTILIZED EGG. * OESTROGEN LEVEL DECREASE IN FERTILE PERIOD TO GREAT A POSSIBILITY TO BECOME PREGNANT. * PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF WOMEN INCLUDING_ - CERVICAL MUCUS BECOME THIN, CLEAR OR WHITE AND HAVE SLIPPING CAPACITY _ LUTINISING HORMONE INCREASE TO START OVULATION. _ SKIN TEMPERATURE DECREASES JUST BEFORE OVULATION, AFTER 24 HOURS OF OVULATION THE TEMPERATURE BECOME RAISES. c) OVARIAN HORMONES ARE ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE * ESTROGEN HELPS TO MENSTRUAL CYCLE CONTROL AND IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR CHILD BEARING * PROGESTERONE IS ESSENTIAL FOR MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND PREPARE THE UTERUS FOR ACCEPTING FERTILIZED OVUM BY MEANS OF THICKENS THE ENDOMETRIUM. * IN LUTEAL PHASE PROGESTERONE AND ESTROGEN BECOME HIGH TO HELPS UTERINE GROW. * LOW LEVEL OF OVARIAN HORMONES AFFECTS THIS PROCESS AND SHE CAN NOT ABLE TO BECOME PREGNANT. d) ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE ARE COMMONLY USED IN FERTILITY THERAPY * ESTROGEN HELPS TO THICKENING IF UTERUS TO ACCEPT THE FERTILIZED EGG. FROM ESTROGEN THERAPY INCREASE THE ESTROGEN LEVEL. * PROGESTERONE IS ESSENTIAL FOR INFERTILITY TREATMENT BECAUSE IT HELPS TO SUPPORT THE IMPLANTATION TO BECOME PREGNANT.