The more improtant elements need in cardiac assessment is inspection, palpation,and auscultation.
*Inspection
-inspect the chest for overall torso contour
-inspect for any pigeon chest
-inspect for any curved chest
-inspect the symmetry of the chest.
-inspect for clubbing of fingers
-inspect for any bluish diDiscoloration
-inspect for any edema
*palpation
-use the palm to feel the chest wall for point of maximal impulses,the apical pulse is heard at the 5th intercoastal space.
-check for pulsation
*Auscultation
-see for s1 and s2 sounds
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