Question

list signs and symptoms, pathophysiology and complications of metrorrhagia. identify and list procedures and treatments that...

list signs and symptoms, pathophysiology and complications of metrorrhagia. identify and list procedures and treatments that could be done

Homework Answers

Answer #1

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is  the  abnormal uterine bleeding in the absence of organic disease.

It can be of different types as mentioned below

S.No

Term

Meaning

1.

Menorrhagia

Prolonged (>7 days) or excessive (>80 mL /day) uterine bleeding that occurs   at regular intervals

2.

Metrorrhagia

Uterine bleeding with irregularity and more frequency than normal cycle

3.

Menometrorrhagia

Prolonged or excessive uterine bleeding that occurs irregularly and more frequent than usual intervals

4.

Intermenstrual bleeding

Vaginal bleeding of variable amounts that occurs   between regular cycle

5.

Midcycle spotting

Spotting that occurs just prior to ovulation, typically from decreasing level of estrogen

6.

Postmenopausal bleeding

Recurrence of uterine bleeding after menopause( at least 6 months to 1 year after stoppage of menstrual period)

7.

Amenorrhea

Absence of mensruation for 6 months or longer

The following tables answer the different aspects of Metrorrhagia

Signs and symptoms

· painless or painful bleeding

· light or heavy vaginal bleeding with color ranging from dark brown to pink

· Features of systemic diseases:

      examples

(thyroid disease - vital sign abnormalities, abnormal eye   features, tremors, dermatological changes, weight changes and goiter )

(hematologic disorders - petechiae, purpura, and mucosal bleeding )

(polycystic ovary disease :hirsutism, obesity, acne, palpable ovaries, and hyperpigmentation)

Complications

Anemia

Hypovolemic shock

Undernutrition

Procedures and treatments

Treatment is specific to the cause.

· Lifestyle Changes-weight gain

· Hormonal Therapy- contraceptive pills or devices, estrogen patches, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists

· Dilation and Curettage procedure

· Treatment of underlying medical conditions:

· Surgerical intervention for conditions such as endometriosis, fibroids , and reproductive cancers

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