Question

12-12 a. List the four defects present in the tetralogy of Fallot and state the effect each has on blood flow.

Answer 1

Tetralogy of fallout is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease.There are four associated anomalies.They are :

1.pulmonary stenosis

2.ventricular septal defect

3.dextroposition or overriding aorta

4.right ventricular hypertrophy.

In tetralogy of fallout,blood flow from right atrium to right ventricle but outflow of blood from right ventricle is restricted due to pulmonary stenosis so that blood flow through the ventricular septal defect to aorta causing overriding of aorta this is right to left shunt.Due to the pressure excerted by pulmonary stenosis causes hypertrophy of right ventricle.As shunting takes place deoxygenated blood mix with oygenated and cause cyanosis.