Question

How is fats digested and absorbed after eating a peanut and jelly sandwich on whole wheat including the constituents representing fats and how and where they are digested and absorbed and how and where fats are utilized or stored in the body. Include the chemical, hormonal, and enzyme changes that impact this meal.

Answer 1

Digestion:Lingual lipase can break down some short chain lipids into diglycerides within the mouth . But mainly digestion of fat is take place in small intestine after it is separate in stomach.presence of fat in small intestine produces hormones that stimulate release of pancreatic lipase from pancreas and bile from liver .bile helps in the emulsification( break down of large molecule into small molecule) of fat . complete digestion of a molecule of fat(a triglyceride) results in formation of fatty acids,mono and di glycerides .
Absorption:the major product of lipid digestion (fatty acids,monoglycerides) enter the enteroctye by simple diffusion across the cell wall .some part via specific carboxylic acid transporter protein within the membrane.inside enteroctye these are transported into endoplasmic reticulum from here they go into Golgi body where this triglyceride that is formed in endoplasmic reticulum is packaged with cholesterol, lipoprotein and other lipids into particle called "chylomicrons". chylomicrons are extruded from Golgi into exocytic vesicles.which are transported to the basolateral aspect of enteroctye.by the process of exocytosis these vesicles go into the space outside the cells.now chylomicrons are transported through limphatics.
Storage and utilization: fat cells can be stored in body by following there ways .
1-essential fat-necessary for a healthy functioning body
2-subcutaneous fat-most of the fat of aur body that is found under the skin.
3-visceral fat
When fat is needed as a energy source ,taken from it's storage site and utilized .
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