Question

Jordan Diaz is a community health nurse working in a men’s prison. His role is to conduct assessments of the inmates and determine the potential health hazards of the population. He conducts health screenings and provides health education to the men.

His goals are to maintain the health of the men and impact their risk of illness once they have been released into society. The prison nurse uses epidemiology to look at disease causation in the event of an outbreak and provide treatment of any illness which may develop. Mr. Diaz has been informed that a group of prisoners from the same residency section are showing similar respiratory symptoms.

1. Jordan Diaz has identified that 15% of the prisoners have acquired valley fever. What measure of epidemiology is most important to report to the medical director?

a. Incidence rate

b. Risk

c. Attack rate

d. Proportion

2. What is a secondary level of prevention which would be useful in the population?

a. Providing influenza vaccinations

b. Educating inmates about the effects of smoking

c. Providing medical treatment for those men with diabetes

d. Conducting PPD skin tests for tuberculosis identification

3. Which of the following causal relationships may have an effect on the risk of developing valley fever in the prison population? (Select all that apply.)

a. Climate

b. Gender

c. Population distribution

d. Lifestyle factors

e. Infectious agent

Answer 1

1) a. Incidence rate.When compared with other option it is the most important epidemological measure want to report the medical director.Incidence rate is the new episodes of disease present in a population in a given period of time.

2)d. Conducting PPD skin tests for tuberculosis identification.Secondary prevention is by early diagnosis and adequate treatment ,seconadry prevention attempts to arrest the disease process.For example:screening test ,case finding programmes.The other options are not considered as secondary prevention.

3)a,climate b. Population distribution .Certain individuals are risk of developing valley fever.Valley fever is a fungal infection.and it is seen in soil.There is no gender difference in catching valley fever because anyone can affect this disease.Valley fever is not an infectious disease