Question

1. Nutrition’s role in the later years.

As people age, the choices they have made throughout their lives—in the areas of diet, exercise, and lifestyle—all have an impact on who they are and what their nutritional and energy needs are. In addition, stress and genetics also impact these needs.

Use your knowledge of nutrition and older adults to answer the following questions to the best of your ability.

Regular _ is the most powerful predictor of a person’s mobility in later years.

a. dr appointment b. medication c. vitamin supplements d. physical activity

While the slow, natural loss of muscle mass and strength does result in lower _   , nutrient needs, for the most part, remain consistent in our later years. It’s also important to note that less muscle mass doesn’t mean less desire or ability to participate in physical activity.

a. energy needs, b. social interaction, c. auditory perception, d. internal motivation

For the most part, people understand that older adults have decreased energy demands; however, they often overlook the fact that for the most part, _ remain the same.

a. food preferences, b. hormones, c. nutrient demands

On average, as we age, our energy (caloric) needs decrease an estimated 5 percent per decade. This is due in part to the fact that as we age, we tend to reduce our physical activity, although in most cases there is no need to do so. Another key reason for the reduced need for calories is that basal metabolic rate declines by about 1 to 2 percent every decade as a result of decreased muscle mass and thyroid hormones.

  

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Use your knowledge of nutrition and older adults to answer the following questions to the best of your ability.

Constipation is a common problem in later years due to a combination of certain medications, decreased physical activity, low water consumption, and low _ intake. This makes eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes important.

a. fat, b. fiber, c. protein, d. carbohydrate

While overall nutrient needs remain the same for older adults as they do for middle aged and younger adults, there are a few key nutrient needs that change across the board in older adults. Furthermore, common medications can affect these nutrient needs. The next few questions will cover key micronutrient changes that occur in older adults.

Use your knowledge of nutrition and older adults to answer the following questions to the best of your ability.

An estimated 10 to 20 percent of adults over the age of 50 have atrophic gastritis, a condition that results in less hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor in the stomach. Individuals with atrophic gastritis are at risk for a _ deficiency.

a. biotin, b. protein, c. vitamin b12, d. calcium

One of the reasons that _ deficiency is an issue in older adults is that they drink little to no dairy, which is a primary source of this nutrient in the American diet.

a. biotin, b. protein, c. vitamin a, d. vitamind d

Low _ status impairs appetite, taste perception, and immune function. This increases the risk of pneumonia and death in older adults.

a. calcium, b. folate, c. zinc, d. iron

Answer 1

Question

Answer d

Physical activity

Adults aged above 65 years should do physical activity that includes walking, dancing, gardening, hiking, swimming, cycling, household chores, play, games, and sports or planned exercise.

To improve cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscular fitness, reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases, depression, and cognitive decline. Older adults should do at least 75 to 150 minutes of physical activity to improve the person’s mobility in the later years.

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