Question

You will write an overview essay on what the case study was regarding, what you learned from it, and what you would do for the future.

Case Study:
Geographic area: Egypt
Health Condition: In 1977, diarrheal disease among children, which results in life-threatening dehydration, was indentified as the cause of at least half of all infant deaths in Egypt.
GLobal importance of health condition today: Diarrheal disease is estimated to cause 2 million deaths in the developing world each year; the vast majority of those are among children younger are 2 years. Currently, 1 out of every 200 children who contract diarrhea with the timely use if a simple and low-cost treament for dehydration.
Intervention or program: The National Control of Diarrheal Disease Project of Egypt was established to promote the use of locally manufactured oral rehydration salts, which reverse the course of dehydration. The program sought to distribute salts, along with information about the appropriate treatment of children with diarrhea, through public and private channels; the program reached mothers through mass media, including television. Training of all types of health workers also was integrals to the program, as many physicians and nurses had to reorient their understanding of the optimal treament of diarrhea.
Cost and cost-effectiveness: The average cost per child treated with oral rehydration therapy was estimated at $6. The cost per death averted was between $100 to $200. The program cost a total of $43 million, approximately 60% of which was financied under a grant from the US agency of Internaltion Development, with the United Nations Children's funds and the World Health Organization collaborating on Technicals aspects of the program.
Impact: The program succeeded in increasing the production of oral rehydration salts, increasing mothers' correct use of these salts, and changing the feeding behavior. During the peak of the program in the mid-1980's, the program had achieved a fourfold increase in the distribution of oral rehydration salts, compared with the 1979 baseline. Virtually all mothers in the country were aware of oral rehydration salts, and most women could correctly mix the solution. Between 1982 and 1987, infant mortality declined by 36%, and child morality fell at 43%. Mortality attributed to diarrhea during this same period fell 82% among infants and 62% among children. Because of the reduction in diarrheal deaths between 1982 and 1989, 300,000 fewer children died.

Answer 1

In Egypt, 1977, diarrhoal disease is one of the major life threatening disease due to dehydration caused by it. A simple measure of oral rehydration salts can minimize and prevent diarrhoal deaths among children. hence,National Control of Diarrheal Disease Project is established and promote the manufacture of rehydration salts. in 80's, there is a fourfold increase in distribution of rehydration salts and mortality reduced by 36%

In future, just to increase the impact of the program, the awareness should be created using media and communications, ORS should be used by both licenced and unlicensed medical practitioners, focus to cover the poorly performed countries and to resolve residual issues on diarrhoeal management.