Question

* Detection of HIV infection, two techniques are usually used: ELISA and immunoblot. (5%)

Explain:

-The main concept of using “ELISA” to detect HIV infection:

-The main concept to using “immunoblot” to detect HIV infection:

Answer 1

HIV is an infectious disease.

The Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay is a first  test for detection of HIV in an infected individual. This test enables to identify the presence of antibody and antigen in the infected individual. This is effective in diagnosis from two weeks to 12weeks. The main concept for doing this test is when the client is at high risk,having any STD, Blood transfusion ,injection use or substance abuse multiple sexual partners, unsafe sexual practice .

If this is positive ,the western blot or immunoblot test is done for confirmatory purpose. The main concept of the test is to confirm for HIV infection and initiate the treatment at the earliest for improving the quality of life.