Question

1. List equipment necessary for priming an IV line:

2. Discuss nursing interventions to reduce error and harm during IV fluid administration:

3. What information is required for nursing documentation: IV Fluid Administration:

4. Explain the different types of IV fluids used (isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic) and the rationale for administration?

Answer 1

1. Priming iv line is to replace air in IV line with the solution to be infused so as to avoid the entry of air bubbles in bloodstream of patient. Equipments required are iv line, priming solution, time label, change label, basin or sink and alcohol swab.

2. Nursig interventions to reduce errors

• check five rights, right patient, drug, dose, route, time
• Proper documentation
• Well inform the patient about drug therapeutic effect, adverse reactions and desired outcy
• Understand the placement of decimals is important
• Reporting of medication errors to prevent future mistakes

3. Name of iv fluid, patient name, dose to be administered, time in which fluid to be administered

4. isotonic fluid have concentration similiar to blood and osmolality of 250-375 mOsm/L. Eg. 0.9% normal saline, ringer lactate. These are used primarily to treat fluid volume deficit as they remain in extra cellular compartment and are distributed between intravascular and interstitial spaces increasing intravascular volume

hypotonic solution have concentration less than blood plasma and osmolality less than 250 mOsm/L. They are indicted to treat intercellular dehydration like in disbetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycaemia states. They cause the fluid to shift out of intravascular or blood into the cells and hence lower serum osmolality. Eg. 0.45 normal saline, 0.33%Nacl etc

Hypertonic solution have osmolality more than 375 mOsm/L. used as volume expanders or in hypernatremia. Eg. 3%or 5% Nacl

they cause osmotic pressure gradient to draw out water from cells resulting in increased extracellular volume.