Question

What are the factors that have contributed to the following: heart disease ,the observed trend in mortality rates for this disease, the changes in survival; the changes in incidence.

what is a key concept in epidemiology is that of the levels of prevention for heart disease

As a community health nurse, what are some primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention interventions related to this health issue.

Are there any modifiable factors, such as health behaviors that lend themselves to better prevention efforts.

Answer 1

Mortality rate:31% of all death worldwide

Heart disease survival increased ,incidence decreased

Primary prevention

Dietary changes:

reduction in fat intake 20-30 percent of total energy

Consumption of saturated fat less than 10%

Dietary cholesterol less than 100mg per 1000 kcal per day

Increase in complex carbohydrate consumption

Avoidance of alcohol consumption reduction in salt intake

Stop smoking

Blood pressure lowering

Physical activity

Secondary prevention

Aspirin,beta blocker ,ace inhibitor,Statins

Tertiary prevention:coronary artery bypass,balloon angioplasty ,valve replacement surgery,heart transplantation

Modifiable :fat ,smoking, diabetes,blood pressure, salt intake , alcoholism,physical activity