- Vaccines are the substance which is
injected into to the body inorder to maintain immunity against some
specific diseases.
- Vaccines are available in the form
of powder as well as solution.
- They ard stored in a specific
refrigerator known as ice lined refrigerator (ILR).
- Most of the vaccines are stored
between 2 to 8 degree celsius.
- Vaccines are usually injected into
the muscle, intramuscular (IM) or into the subcutaneous tissue (SC)
inorder to reduce the local effects.
- In vaccines, the thing which is
injected are the adjuvants which are the
substances that can create strong immune response and thereby
protect against some particular diseases.
- Eg. BCG ( Bacille Calmette Guerine
) vaccine provide immunity against Tuberculosis (TB).
- When the body gets vaccinated
against a particular disease then the agents in the vaccines called
'antigens ' will produce an immune response and the body of the
person will create antibodies against that antigen and an antigen
antibody response occurs within the person's body.
- Thus, most of the vaccines provide
lifelong immunity to a person.
- If a person comes in contact with a
particular disease and if that person is immunised against that
disease then he will not gets infection.
- For eg. If a person is immunised against TB (tuberculosis ) and
if a patient comes in contact with him then he will not get the
infection or there is only a little chance to get infection if he
is not taken any precautions such as wearing mask.
- The conditions which limit the
response to a vaccine are immunosuppressive patients like cancer,
patients with any active infections, hyperthermia or fever.
Note : vaccines are essential for
our body to get protection against many diseases by creating strong
immune response within the body. Thus it is necessary to be
vaccinated.
In such conditions, vaccines will not work actually and usually
in these conditions doctors don't prefer to take vaccines as they
may again worsen the patient's condition by creating antigen
antibody reactions which the patient can't tolerate it.