Question

Acid-Base Balance

Read Porth: p. 191-205

Activity One:

1. Define the following terms: Respiratory Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis, Metabolic Acidosis, Metabolic Alkalosis. Give the pH range for each. Give the CO2 range for each. Give the HCO3- range for each.

2. Choose 2 of the following and completely describe:

1. Causes of respiratory acidosis and compensatory mechanisms (if any)
2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis and compensatory mechanisms (if any)
3. Causes of metabolic acidosis and compensatory mechanisms (if any)
4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis and compensatory mechanisms (if any)

Answer 1

Respiratory acidosis is defined as acidosis due to increased carbindioxide concentration in the blood. PH range is below <7.35.

Respiratory alkalosis is defined as alkalosis occurring due to reduced carbon dioxide concentration in the blood. PH is >7.45

Metabolic acidosis is defined as acidosis occurring due to reduced bicarbonate concentration in the blood. PH is <7.35

Metabolic alkalosis is defined as alkalosis due to increased bicarbonate concentration of the blood. PH is >7.45

CO2 normal range 35-40mmhg

Bicarbonate normal range 22-26meq

Respiratory acidosis both bicarbonate and PCO2 level will increase

In respiratory alkaloid carbon dioxide level decrease and bicarbonate level decrease

Metabolic acidosis both carbonate and carbon dioxide level decrease

In metabolic alkalosis both level increase