Question

Describe the pathophysiology of the HIV infection and the common risk factors.

Answer 1

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HIV infection ― It is Human immunodeficiency viral infection caused by retrovirus which specifically destroy T lymphocytes.

Pathophysiology of HIV ---

HIV infection is caused by retrovirus , which is antigen enters to human body attack to T helper cells by binding to CD4 receptors and start replicating inside the cells , which cause destruction of T lymphocytes and decreases the count of T helper cells due to which our immunity gets weaken and patients become immunodeficient . Further ,in later stages the symptoms appear as weight loss, fatigue, fever, rash, secondary infections , etc.

Common risk factors are ---

1. Use of infected needles in patients.

2. Sex with multiple partners.

3. From HIV infected mother to fetus.

4. Unprotected sex.

5. From infections which are sexually transmitted.

6. During blood transfusion procedure.

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