Question

Case study:Peter Smith, a 19 year old university student, was suffering from influenza and visited his local GP. He said he began to feel unwell two days earlier and his condition had worsened since with an acute onset of a sore throat(pharyngitis). On examination the following observations were made: Fever of 38.9 degrees C, Runny nose, Sneezing, Enlarged anterior cervical lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) Peter’s throat was observed to have the following signs: Redness, Swollen, Having a patchy covering of yellow-white exudate over his tonsils The doctor prescribed phenoxymethylpenicillin 500 mg twice per day for ten days.

Question: 5.1 Compare and contrast the processes by which viruses and bacteria replicate

Answer 1

A virus are obligate intracellular pathogens they cannot replicate without the machinery and metabolism of a host cell.the viral replicatiion involves several steps that are,attachment,penetration,uncoating,replication,assembly and release,during the first step in attachment the virus attaches itself to a host cell and injects its genetic material in the cell.The replication mechanism depends on the viral genom,RNA virus usually use the RNA core as a template for synthesis of virall genomic RNA.the DNA virus usually use host cell protien and enzyme to make additional DNA that is transcribed to messenger RNA.

The bacteria reproduce by binary fission in this process the bacteriuum which is a single cell diivided in to daugter cells the binary fission begins when the DNA of the bacterium divides into replicates.The bacteria can exchange DNA through the process of conjugation transformation or transduction.

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