Question

what do you think abut this? (only a paragraph please) The 1918 trip around the world...

what do you think abut this? (only a paragraph please)

The 1918 trip around the world taken by the influenza virus as it moved from body to body on the wings of sneeze and cough left a trail of 50 to 100 million bodies. In the United States, the pandemic took more people in a single year than AIDS has killed in 40 years.

In the light of those numbers, 33,000 flu deaths in New York City has long been considered a relative if very macabre success. The city's death rate from the disease — 4.5 per thousand — was lowest among large cities on the east coast, and on the low end nationwide. By comparison, Boston's death rate was 6.5 and Philadelphia's was a whopping 7.3.

High marks for crisis management have historically been given to Royal S. Copeland, the president of what was then called the city's Board of Health. He's generally seen to have stumbled at first by underplaying the seriousness of the outbreak. "There is no cause for alarm," he told the public even as violently ill passengers were being removed to hospitals from ocean liners and naval vessels at anchor in the harbor. But, ultimately, it was Copeland's innovations that are credited with helping to slow the virus.

A clever public information campaign spread health tips through newsreels at theaters; posters reading "Spit Spreads Death" were hung all over town; and Boy Scouts accosted people heedlessly coughing in public with cards that read, "Stop! You're in violation of the sanitary code." Hundreds of nurses were told not to wait for patients to arrive at hospitals but go to tenement-packed slums and bring healing, along with the application of selective quarantine, to the infected, their family, and neighbors.

And crucially, Copeland took advice from a brilliant health official named S. Josephine Baker on the question of whether to close the schools. She strongly supported keeping school doors open so children could be monitored and treated early if they showed signs of infection.

Was it enough?

John Barry, author of The Great Influenza, a definitive history of the plague, said, no. "In most disasters, people come together and help each other," he told WNYC. "That was not the case in 1918 in most places. I think a lot of that was because of the politics of it and the public health response, or lack thereof."

Barry criticized Copeland in particular for not imposing a widespread program of isolation and quarantine, and said the city's low death rate from influenza might have resulted from natural immunization among part of the population when a milder form of the virus moved through the city several months before the lethal strain showed up. In other words, luck.

But Copeland has his defenders, among them Allan Kraut, professor of history at American University, and Jessica Cole, a planner at the city's Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. We interviewed both, along with James Colgrove, professor of public health at Columbia University. They discussed how the disease was handled a century ago — as well as lessons we might apply when doing battle with future pandemics.

Homework Answers

Answer #1

The answer

The message describes how the pandemic (Spanish flu as it was termed then) was handled in 1918 and the different opinions or views of the experts regarding containment of the disease.

Actually the success of containment of pandemic depends on different factors .Most importantly the leadership-- both political and medical. All the critically ill persons in Copeland initially were sent to ships or elsewhere .It had two aspects First the hospital beds became vacant for newly infected patients and the overall health support would be comparatively better than other states e.g NYC,Boston,Philadelphia. Also to combat the public fear and to give them mental support might be the reason for underplaying the game .Next their public health strategy to contain the infection at origin ,by sending nurses to peoples home and teaching basic health strategy like cough etiquette and home quarantine added a great value in reducing the infection.Though opened schools added a menace in transmitting the virus through the children.Once initial thurst of infectivity of the virus was tackled,the virus gradually lost its infective power due to herd immunity or whatsoever as in any pandemic.Otherwise all pandemics will continue for years after years

Know the answer?
Your Answer:

Post as a guest

Your Name:

What's your source?

Earn Coins

Coins can be redeemed for fabulous gifts.

Not the answer you're looking for?
Ask your own homework help question
Similar Questions
What do you think? (can I have a reflection paragraph please) The story of how Swinburne...
What do you think? (can I have a reflection paragraph please) The story of how Swinburne and Hoffman came to exist is a bizarre chapter in New York’s history. Before the islands existed, many immigrants who arrived with potentially contagious diseases were detained at the Marine Hospital, a compound of buildings on Staten Island known as “The Quarantine.” Hoffman Island, 1956. Photo courtesy of the New York City Municipal Archives. Back then, New Yorkers were dying from all sorts of...
PLEASE READ THE ARTICLES ATTACHED AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. THE ARTICLES ARE BOTH LISTED PLEASE...
PLEASE READ THE ARTICLES ATTACHED AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. THE ARTICLES ARE BOTH LISTED PLEASE PROVIDE DETAILED EXPLANATIONS. PLEASE WRITE ONE REFLECTION COMBINING BOTH ARTICLES. The purpose of the Article Reflection is to deepen your engagement with the topic of Epidemiology. It will give you the opportunity to reflect on the current real-life epidemiological issues at hand and help to bring meaning to them. ARTICLE 1: A group of students knew they had covid-19. They hosted a party over...
The Million Death Study on India : The Aims of the Study.   The Centre for Global...
The Million Death Study on India : The Aims of the Study.   The Centre for Global Health Research, at the University of Toronto, Canada, is carrying out the Million Death Study in India, in conjunction with the Registrar General of India. This study is one of the largest research efforts ever undertaken on the causes of premature mortality. Led by Professor Prabhat Jha, the study aims to help India improve the documentation of the underlying causes and risk factors of...
Please review the following below and provide , one-page reaction to this budget proposal. 1. Budget...
Please review the following below and provide , one-page reaction to this budget proposal. 1. Budget The President’s Budget and Health Care While the president’s budget is not likely to be acted upon by Congress, it does signal what the administration’s priorities are—as well as what policy initiatives they might push. Repeal the Affordable Care Act: The administration’s budget includes a plan that is based upon the plan put forward by Sens. Lindsey Graham (R-SC) and Bill Cassidy (R-LA) last...
What Happens When Hospitals Run out of Ventilators and Other Emergency Rescue Equipment? Patricia Benner, R.N.,...
What Happens When Hospitals Run out of Ventilators and Other Emergency Rescue Equipment? Patricia Benner, R.N., Ph.D., FAAN April 7, 2020 Our overwhelmed, or soon to be overwhelmed hospitals, face rationing precious life-saving equipment, such as ventilators. Our national lack of preparedness for a global pandemic will, in the near future, force local physicians and nurses to ration ventilators and oxygen delivery equipment, for patients and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for caregivers. How do health care providers make decisions about...
Assignment: What are the main arguments in the article? Please answer within 5 hours. It is...
Assignment: What are the main arguments in the article? Please answer within 5 hours. It is extremely urgent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BIOETHICS. Bioethics as a field is relatively new, emerging only in the late 1960s, though many of the questions it addresses are as old as medicine itself. When Hippocrates wrote his now famous dictum Primum non nocere (First, do no harm), he was grappling with one of the core issues still facing human medicine, namely, the role and duty of the...
What topics are covered in the following article? Please answer within 5 hours. It is extremely...
What topics are covered in the following article? Please answer within 5 hours. It is extremely urgent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BIOETHICS. Bioethics as a field is relatively new, emerging only in the late 1960s, though many of the questions it addresses are as old as medicine itself. When Hippocrates wrote his now famous dictum Primum non nocere (First, do no harm), he was grappling with one of the core issues still facing human medicine, namely, the role and duty of the physician....
Actually a HISTORY question: what tactics does Einhard use to portray Charlemagne in "Life of Charlemagne"...
Actually a HISTORY question: what tactics does Einhard use to portray Charlemagne in "Life of Charlemagne" and what tactics does Procipius use to describe Justinian in a positive light in the "Nika Riots"? Ive posted both excerpts. "Life of Charlemagne" Charles the Great, (Charlemagne in French) reigned 768-814 as king of the Franks and the most important ruler of the Carolingian Dynasty, conquering lands in what is now Germany, France, Spain, and Italy. On Christmas Day 800 C.E., Pope Leo...
In narrative essay format, I want you to address a business/organization case study using multiple concepts...
In narrative essay format, I want you to address a business/organization case study using multiple concepts from class. The case question and case text begin on page 5 of this document. You need to demonstrate their best understanding of management and organizational behavior theory, and the application of those ideas to improve the understanding of various issues. You need to clearly identify at least 3 distinct, substantive issues. For each issue you need to 1), identify evidence from the case...
1. What are the requirements for successful price discrimination? Does this type of dry cleaning qualify?...
1. What are the requirements for successful price discrimination? Does this type of dry cleaning qualify? 2. What are other examples of price discrimination? 3. The effectiveness of price discrimination is a different question than whether businesses should be able to discriminate by price. Is this an issue that deserves regulation, or is it best left to the market? Why Women Pay More From dry cleaning to haircuts, women often pay more than men due to gender pricing. Find out...
ADVERTISEMENT
Need Online Homework Help?

Get Answers For Free
Most questions answered within 1 hours.

Ask a Question
ADVERTISEMENT
Active Questions
  • Suppose that the time (in hours) that Irene spends on an untimed final exam follows an...
    asked 16 minutes ago
  • The following sample observations were randomly selected. (Round intermediate calculations and final answers to 2 decimal...
    asked 29 minutes ago
  • what type of graph is best suitable for data obtained from customer ratings. The ratings are...
    asked 32 minutes ago
  • Determine the cumulative 15-year 18 kip ESAL’s in the design lane for 2-lane highway for the...
    asked 40 minutes ago
  • Q: Dr.Grimace, the evil dentist, is trying to find out if his patients suffer from periodontal...
    asked 40 minutes ago
  • After collecting data on 19283 dogs, you find that male vallhunds have an average weight of...
    asked 42 minutes ago
  • Research Target Corporation and assess your satisfaction with the company you researched and make recommendations about...
    asked 43 minutes ago
  • Evidence suggests that 70% of FSU students like turtles. Suppose we randomly sampled 15 FSU students....
    asked 43 minutes ago
  • Ulrich challenges the appropriateness of the nearly universal symbolism of the spinning wheel as the marker...
    asked 44 minutes ago
  • Differential Equations: Please try to computer type, if not possible be clear and organize. Thank you...
    asked 44 minutes ago
  • In your opinion, what are the three (3) most important benefits an employer can give to...
    asked 50 minutes ago
  • In a test of the effectiveness of garlic for lowering​ cholesterol, 81 subjects were treated with...
    asked 52 minutes ago