Question

Which one of the following statements is true regarding the care plan?

A) it is written by the physician. B) it is the same for all residents. C) it provides for consistency & continue of care D)it is stable and fixe for a period of time.

The term learning is described as:

A)The unfolding of characteristics & ability in an orderly way B) A change in behavior which results from the acquisition of new knowledge & skills. C) Desiring something & putting energy towards acquiring it. D)Skill or learning process which is expected to occur at a particular age

Answer 1

Which one of the following statements is true regarding the care plan?

and: C) it provides for consistency & continue of care

A) it is written by the physician. False Usually the health plan is made by the nurses though any healthcare worker can form it. the term health plan usually denotes the nursing health care plan.

B) it is the same for all residents. false. An individual care plan is prepared for each patient/client. Wherever possible, the care plan is developed with the patient/client, rather than for the patient/client.

C) it provides for consistency & continue of care True

Care plans help nurses focus on patients in a holistic, big-picture way so they can deliver evidence-based, patient-centered care. Care plans also help hospitals ensure continuity of care across nursing shifts, promote inter-professional collaboration by getting everyone on the same page, and meet documentation requirements for insurers and governing bodies

D)it is stable and fixed for some time.False

Throughout the patient’s stay, the plan is updated with any changes and new information as it presents itself.

Q2 The term learning is described as:

Ans: B) A change in behavior which results from the acquisition of new knowledge & skills

Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences(cite 1)

Learning situations are most natural and common in life and every one of us is learning one thing or the other although he may not necessarily be aware of it. An individual starts learning immediately after his birth. While approaching a burning matchstick, the child is burnt and he withdraws himself always. He learns to avoid not only the burning but also all burning things. When this happens we say that the child has learned that if he touches a flame he will burn. In this way, the behavior of an individual is changed through direct or indirect experiences. This change in behavior brought about by experience is commonly known as learning. (cite 2)

Some well-known definitions are as follows. 1. ―The term learning covers every modification in behavior to meet environmental requirements. By Gardner Murphy: - (1968,p.205) 2. ―Learning is the acquisition of new behavior or the strengthening or weakening of old behavior as the result of experience.‖ By Henry P. Smith (1962,p.260) 3. ―Any activity can be called learning so far as it develops the individual (in any respect, good or bad) and makes him alter behavior and experience different from what that would otherwise have been.‖ By Woodworth (1945, p. 288) 62 4. ―Learning is the process by which behavior (in the broader sense) is the process by which behavior (in the broader sense) is organized or changes through practice or training.‖. By Kingsley and Garry (1957, p.12) 5. ―Learning is an episode in which a motivated individual attempt to adapt his behavior to succeed in a situation which he perceives as requiring action to attain a goal.‖ By-Robinson and Horrocks (1967, p.232) 6. ―Learning is the acquisition of habits, knowledge, and attitudes. It involves dew ways of doing things and it operates on an individual‘s attempts to overcome obstacles or to adjust to a new situation. It represents progressive changes in behavior. It enables him to satisfy interests to attain a goal.‖ By- Crow and Crow (1973,p.225) 7. ―Learning is the process by which an activity originates or is changed through reacting to an encountered situation, or temporary states of the organism (e.g. fatigue or drugs, etc.)‖ By- Hilgard (1958, p.3) 8. ―Learning is a process by which an organism in satisfying his motivation adapts or adjusts to a situation in which it must modify its behavior to overcome obstacles or barriers.‖ By- Kingsley and Garry. 9. ―Learning is to modify behavior and experience‖ By- Munn. 10. ―Learning without thought is labor lost thought without learning is perilous‖ By -Comenius 11. ―Learning is a modification of behavior through experience and training.‖ By - Gatel-et-al. 12. ―Learning is a process of progressive behavior through experience and training.‖ 63 By- Skinner. 13. ―Learning involves the acquisition of knowledge, habits, and attitude.‖ By- Crow and Crow 14. ―Any change of behavior which is the result of experience and which causes people to face later situations differently may be called learning‖. By- Blair, Jones and Simon ―Learning is a process which can be inferred from the behavioral change of organism.‖ ―The behavior change implied by learning may be overt or covert or partly overt and partly covert.‖ ―Learning is the permanent change in behavior or performance.‖ ―Learning involves a modification of behavior but this modification needs not to be always for the better. In other words, learning does not necessarily indicate improvement.‖ Learning is to be differentiated from instinctive behavior and imprinting in terms of the amount of variability involved. The formal definition of learning describes the process as ―A relatively permanent change in behavior based on an individual‘s interactional experience with its environment

cite 1 Richard Gross, Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour 6E, Hachette UK, ISBN 978-1-4441-6436-7.

cite 2 Daniel L. Schacter; Daniel T. Gilbert; Daniel M. Wegner (2011) [2009]. Psychology, 2nd edition. Worth Publishers. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-4292-3719-2.