Question

Develop a care plan including four nursing diagnoses for a hypothetical patient who has experienced a myocardial infarction. Provide rationales for each nursing intervention.

Answer 1

Myocardial infarction (MI)

A myocardial infarction (MI), also known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.

Signs and symptoms :-

• The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may radiate into the shoulder, arm, back, neck or jaw.
• Difficulty breathing
• dizziness
• Nausea
• cold sweats

Nursing care plan for myocardial infarction

Assessment	Nursing diagnosis	Intervention	Rationale	Implimentation	Evaluation
Subjective date:- Patient says that "i have pain" . Objective data:- Patient's facial expression shows he is in pain	Pain related to tissue ischemia	Provide nitroglycerin as first line treatment for myocardial infarction. Provide comfort position	Nitroglycerine reduces pain realted to MI. semi fowler's position provides relief from breathing difficulty	Provided NTG. Placed patient in semi fowler's position	Patient got relief from pain
Subjective data:- Patient says"i am tired and cannot move." Objective data:- Patient asks for assistance for daily routines	Activity intolerence due to breathing difficulty and disease condition	Provide assistance in doing any activities. Reassure the patient for small activities.	Reduce the risk of fall and injury through providing assistance. Patient get relief from fear of fall by reassurance.	Provided assistance. Reassured the patient.	Patient started to doing small activities like brushing, eating ..etc
Subjective data:- Patient says " i'm scared that i cannot live my life as before." Objective data:- Patient looks anxious.	Anxiety due to pain and fear	Provide psychological support. Provide health education to reduce the recurrence.	Psychological support helps patient cop with the situation. By giving health education patient can understand and proceed a healthy life style thereby reduce the risk of recurrence.	Provided psychological support. Provided health education.	Patient relieved of anxiety.
Subjective data:- Patient says"i do not know what is happening to me." Objective data:- Patient is asking questions anout the condition and treatment.	Deficient Knowledge due to lack of information.	Provide Adequate knowledge disease condition. Explain the procedure to the patient before each procedures.	Patient will get enough knowledge about the disease condition. Explain the procedure to the patient help relieve fear	Provided adequate knowledge. Explained procedure to the patient prior to procedures.	Patient looks confident and comfort.