Question

what structure allows bacteria to swim up the urethra and ureters to infect the upper urinary...

what structure allows bacteria to swim up the urethra and ureters to infect the upper urinary tract?

a. Fimbriae

b. Pili

c. Adhesins

d. Flagella

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Answer #1

Ans D, Flagella

Flagella are organs of locomotion in bacteria. They are made up of protein flagellin and are usually 3-20 micro gram long.It has 3 parts namely filament, hook and basal body. Based on the distribution of flagella it could be monotrichus(Vibrio, Pseudomonas), Lophotrichus(H-Pylori), Amphitrichus(Campylobacter), Peritrichous(Clostridium,Bacilli).

Pili

Pili are of 2 types

a) Fimbriae / Common Pili

Fimbriae is a type of pili which helps in adhesion which is made up of protein subunit pilin. These are present only in Gram negative bacteria.

b) Sex Pili

They mediate in conjugation which is F plasmid mediated..Seen both in Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.

Adhesins

Adhesins are proteins which are seen in cell surface of bacteria which helps the bacteria in adhesion to a surface. It increases the virulance of the bacteria.

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