A gas contained in a vertical piston–cylinder assembly by a
piston with a face area of 40 in2 and weight of 100
lbf. The atmosphere exerts a pressure of 14.7
lbf/in2 on top of the piston. A paddle wheel
transfers 3 Btu of energy to the gas during a process in which the
elevation of the piston increases slowly by 4 ft. The piston and
cylinder are poor thermal conductors, and friction between the
piston and cylinder can be neglected.
Determine the change in internal energy of the gas, in Btu.
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