Question

?No Growth Incorporated had operating income before interest and taxes in 2011 of $250 million. The firm was expected to generate this level of operating income indefinitely. The firm had depreciation expense of $12 million that same year. Capital spending totaled $15 million during 2011. At the end of 2010 and 2011, working capital totaled $60 and $70 million, respectively. The firm’s combined marginal state, local, and federal tax rate was 40% and its debt outstanding had a market value of $1.5 billion. The 10-year Treasury bond rate is 5.5% and the borrowing rate for companies exhibiting levels of creditworthiness similar to No Growth is 8%. The historical risk premium for stocks over the risk free rate of return is 5.2%. No Growth’s beta was estimated to be 1.2. The firm had 2,500,000 common shares outstanding at the end of 2011. No Growth’s target debt to total capital ratio is 35%.

a. Estimate free cash flow to the firm in 2011.

b. Estimate the firm’s cost of capital.

c. Estimate the value of the firm (i.e., includes the value of equity and debt) at the end of 2011, assuming that it will generate the value of free cash flow estimated in (a) indefinitely.

d. Estimate the value of the equity of the firm at the end of 2011.

e. Estimate the value per share at the end of 2011.

Answer 1

a. FCFF2011 = 250x(1-.4) + 12 –15 – (70-60) = 150 + 12 –15 –10 = $137 million

          b.   COE = .055 + 1.2(.052) = 11.74%

          c.   WACC = .65 x .1174 + .08 x (1-.4) x .35 = .0763 + .0168 = .09311 or 9.311%

          d.   PV = $137,000,000/.09311 = $1,471,377,940

          e.   Equity Value = $1,471,377,940 - $1,500,000,000 = -$28,622,060

                Equity value per share = -$28,622,060 / 2,500,000 = -$11.45