Essay questions: 3. Please describe the various forms of measures that we can implement within equity and fixed income portfolios that would help us monitor the levels of risks within the portfolios (describe these measures).
The various forms of measures which can be implemented to monitor the level of risks are as follows:-
1) Measure diversification: Through measuring the amount of investment made in various securities, it is possible to always maintain a diversified portfolio and prevent concentration risks.
2) Beta of the portfolio- The volatility or the beta of the portfolio can be gauged from historical returns to ensure it remains below a threshold.
3) Expected return - Based on historical returns, it may be prudent to estimate the future returns and an optimal Sharpe ratio could be targeted.
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