US Inflation rate = 2% | Japan Inflation rate = 1%
Current FX rate = 120 Yen per USD
a) Relative Purchasing Power Parity
FX rate in one year = Spot rate * (1 + Japan Inflation rate) / (1 + US Inflation rate)
FX rate in one year = 120 * (1 + 1%) / (1 + 2%)
FX rate in one year = 118.82 Yen per USD
b) Absolute Purchasing Power parity
Purchasing Power Parity = Cost of goods in Yen / Cost of goods in USD
Purchasing Power Parity = 500 Yen / 4.25 USD = 117.65 Yen per USD
Current FX rate = 120 Yen per USD
As Current Exchange rate is 120 Yen per USD and APPP FX rate is 117.65 Yen per USD, that means, Yen is undervalued.
Percentage Undervaluation = (Current FX rate - APPP FX rate) / APPP FX Rate
Percentage Undervaluation = (120 - 117.65) / 117.65 = 2%
Yen is undervalued by 2%
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