Explain the concept of immunization and give a full example. Show All Work.
Immunization in simple words mean protecting the value of portfolio against the change in interest rates. Various strategies are there for interest rate immunization such as duration , volatility and convexity matching. In simpler terms a large banks formulate various immunization strategies to combat the changes in interest rates , such that their portfolio values remains unchanged in unforeseen circumstances. For example, if an investor wants to pay $10,000 in 5 years time, he/she can buy a $10,000 security which guarantees him an inflow of the same amount in 5 years . By purchasing this bond, the investor matches the inflow nd outflowof funds without any fear of change in interest rates.
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