Question

QUESTION 11

1. Historians remind us that standardization of components -- of interchangeable parts -- was an innovation that did not occur until the very end of the 18th century.

   What was the economic impact of this innovation?

   a		Standardization enhanced the market competitiveness of bespoke craftsmen, but was injurious to the incomes of craftswomen.
   b		Standardization of parts was an incentive for creating precise measurements, high-quality and durable machines for making parts, and for reorganizing labor from broad generalists to specialists who could repeat the same procedures with far greater efficiency.
   c		Standardization of component parts was a short-lived fad.
   d		Replaceable parts were mainly used by military contractors, and had no general economic impact until the 20th century.

Answer 1