With a 75% crowding out effect, how much does Aggregate Demand increase from the $100M in defense spending?
The crowding out effect is a negative effect on expansionary monetary policy.
In theory and due to the money multiplier effect, A $100 million in defense spending would shift the aggregate demand to the right by $100 million but the crowding out effect states that the government would fund this amount by increasing taxes,interest rates and borrow money by selling government bonds. A rise in interest rates would discourage the investment and consumption so the 75% crowding out effect means that the aggregate demand will only shift to the right by ($100-$75) million = $25 million
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