Identify and summarize the similar dynamics of market forces presented. That means to say, teach me step-by-step how the laws of supply and demand combine with basic assumptions about shortages and surpluses to lead to a concept of market equilibrium.
Ans
Market equilbrium occurs where forces of supply and demand equalize. In other words supply is equal to demand. This happens only at price p
At any price above p say p1 supply is greater than demand by B-a. As a result there is surplus of the commodity which due to competition among sellers reduces prices until supply=demand at p. Similarly at any price below p like po demand is greater than supply by D-c. Thus there is shortage of quantity. As a result of competition between buyers for limited quantity price will rise until supply=demand at p.
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