1) answer is B)1789. For the first time in the history of United states the Congress passed a resolution regarding the setup of judiciary under the name of "an act to to establish judiciary of the United states". US Constitution mentioned only about Supreme court hence the creation of subordinate courts was left to Congress.
2) answer -B) state courts .In the US state courts act as the bridge between local courts and federal court .we can't go to federal court directly on several cases hence we have appeal in state court .When local courts fail to render rightful services or their authority is limited in the respective cases the cases usually go to state courts ,not only this the state court observed the total judiciary control over the state.
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