Question

On the Edge
Oracle and PeopleSoft
Oracle Corporation makes extremely complicated and large customized software programs that can support thousands of simultaneous users and that are capable of administering the personnel records and financial records of very large businesses (called enterprise software). PeopleSoft and SAP were the only two other major competitors making such massive enterprise software. Oracle held 18 percent of the market in customized software capable of handling the personnel records of very large businesses, SAP held 29 percent, and PeopleSoft held 51.5 percent. Moreover, Oracle held 17 percent, SAP held 39 percent, and PeopleSoft held 31 percent of the market for customized software capable of managing the financial records of very large businesses. On June 6, 2003, Oracle attempted a hostile takeover of PeopleSoft by offering to buy PeopleSoft’s shares for $5.1 billion, or $16 a share. PeopleSoft’s board of directors rejected Oracle’s offer, and on June 18 Oracle raised its bid to $6.3 billion, or $19.50 per share. Then, on February 4, 2004, Oracle raised its offer to $9.4 billion, or $26 per share. PeopleSoft stock was by then selling for $22 a share, and its board rejected the new offer. PeopleSoft also passed a “poison pill” provision by promising customers cash refunds of up to five times what they paid for their software if PeopleSoft were taken over by another company.
On February 26, 2004, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) sued to block Oracle’s bid, claiming the takeover would reduce the market’s competitors from three to two and “such a reduction in competition is likely to result in higher prices, less innovation, and decreased support” for large business customers. Oracle challenged the government’s definition of the “enterprise software market” as too narrow and asserted that if the market was defined as the market for all “business software,” then there were many dozens of companies competing in the market and not just three. Moreover, Oracle claimed, large companies such as Microsoft planned to enter the enterprise software market, and, anyway, large customers could negotiate low prices even when there were only two competing sellers in a market. On September 9, 2004, the court ruled in Oracle’s favor against the DOJ, and Oracle shortly acquired PeopleSoft.

a. Does an Oracle takeover of Peoplesoft leave the market too concentrated?

b. Do large companies do more good than bad?

Answer 1

1. As there will be increase in the extent of domination of sales by an Oracle takeover of Peoplesoft thus leaving the market too concentrated. In other words, Oracle takeover of Peoplesoft will account for its relatively large fraction of the market leaving it too concentrated.
2. Though the corporations are liable for growing inequalities and environmental degradation but it is due to corporations that countries are rapidly increasing their economies which in turn aids in creating strong educational systems and highly skilled workforces and as well help in the job creations/opportunities for the educated youth. And looking at the present scenario developed societies are benefited by the corporations and are winners but developing societies are experiencing corporate exploitation and are thus losers.