Question

20. For credit card processing, stock exchanges, and airline reservations, data availability must be continuous. There are many other examples of mission-critical applications. Research the Internet to find four additional mission-critical applications and explain why data availability must be continuous for these applications. Be sure to cite your references.

Answer 1

ANSWER :

What is mission-critical System?

A mission critical system is a system that is essential to the survival of a business or organization. When a mission critical system fails or is interrupted, business operations are significantly impacted.

A mission-critical system is also known as mission essential equipment and mission critical application.

Applications And Why data availability must be continues?

Nuclear reactor safety system

Nuclear reactor is a system that controls and contains the sustained nuclear chain reaction. It is usually used for generating electricity, but can also be used for conducting research and producing medical isotopes.^[13] Nuclear reactors have been one of the most concerned system for the safety worldwide because malfunction of nuclear reactor can cause serious disaster to the society.^[14] Controlling the nuclear system is stopping, decreasing, or increasing the chain reaction inside the nuclear reactor. Varying the water level in the vertical cylinder and moving adjuster rods are the methods of controlling the chain reaction when the reactor is operating. Temperatures, reactor power levels, and pressure are constantly monitored by the sensitive detectors.^[15] If nuclear power plant system malfunctions, it can cause in various accidents such as radioactive leakage due to continued chain reaction. This can cause acute radiation syndrome to the people around the area.

• Mission-critical application in your personal life:
  • Electricity: if you've ever experienced a black out for more than 30 minutes, you realize that without electricity, your entire way of being shuts down. You can't get on with life without it because you can't cook without your microwave, you can't heat your home, you can't watch TV, you can't use your computer, and you can't even turn on a light to read a book. You basically would be completely frozen and unable to do the things you need to do.
• Sample customer: large company powering financial transactions
  • This customer is in the business of providing technology and services to enable financial transactions for banks, brokers, dealers, and investment managers. They have built a successful business around being the "man behind the man" for all the every day financial transactions that you rely upon. Imagine if you tried to transfer money, sell a stock, or buy a mutual fund and you were told that you couldn't because the systems were down. Clearly not acceptable. This customer, rightfully so, considers their system to be mission-critical to the daily operations and success of their business. Without it, they wouldn't have a businesses.

navigational system for a spacecraft

A good example of a mission critical system is a navigational system for a spacecraft. The difference between mission critical and business critical is in the global activity and possibility of whole personal life black out.^[3][4] A business-critical system fault can influence only to a single company or bunch of them and can partly stop lifetime activity (hours or days).

There are three different types of critical systems: mission critical system, business critical system, and safety critical system. All three terms are very similar.^[5] The difference between the safety critical system and mission critical system is that safety critical system is more of a system that, if failed, may result in serious environmental damage, injury, or loss of life, while mission critical system may result in failure in goal-directed activity.^[6] The example of safety critical system is a chemical manufacturing plant control system. The mission critical system and business critical system are similar terms, but a business critical system fault can influence only to a single company or an organization and can partly stop lifetime activity (hours or days). So it also can be used as a mission critical system in the business. Failure of it will cause very high cost loss for the business. All these three systems usually are generalized as mission critical.

For some functions, sucha as credit card processing, stock exhanges and airline reservations, data availability must be continuous. In these situations, oraganizations can switch quickly to duplicate backup systems(useally at a seperate backup site) in the event of a malfunction in or a complete destruction of the main system. Other organizations contract with firms using hardware and software similar to their own so that in the event of a catastope. they can temporarly use these other facilities as backup sites. Backup sites can be established with different levels of preparedness. A hot site is a backup site that an organization can switch to in minutes or hours because the site is completely equipped with duplicate hardware. software, and data. Although hot sites are expensive, businesses such as banks and other financial instituitions cannot permit any lengthy service interruptions and must have hot sites. A warm site is a backup site that is equipped with duplicate hardware and software but not data. so it takes longer to start processing at a warm site compared to a hot site.

Mission-critical computing has historically been defined as secure, reliable and scalable computing and process environments that support a company’s front office processes and operations. These are the processes and operations that directly support an organization’s end users and customers. The operations are mission-critical because they are core to the company’s mission and, if they fail, they can cause significant financial or reputational damage to the organization. In some cases, as with certain critical infrastructure, government and military systems, if they go down, they may also have an impact on national security. Mission-critical systems generally require high transaction volume capabilities such as those within banking or retail systems, border security, airline reservations or logistics.

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Today, the scope of what is considered “mission-critical” within the enterprise has considerably expanded. A number of key factors have shaped today’s expanded scope for mission-critical systems. To understand these factors, it’s worth noting that mission-critical computing has evolved through three distinct eras of change from the pre-Web era (before 1995), to the Web era (1995 to 2010), and now to the consumerization era (2010 and beyond). I’ve defined these three eras specifically in the context of mission-critical computing, and for the purpose of this discussion, since each one has ushered in new forces of change that have added to those preceding it.

In the pre-Web era, mission-critical systems were typically transactional applications such as airline reservation systems and vital enterprise-level applications such as ERP. These applications were utilized by a limited number of end users, typically employees, and were accessed via PCs and terminals in physically secure locations. The servers running these applications were highly-secured “silos” in that they were running on dedicated, proprietary systems within the data center.

In the Web era, the scope of mission-critical computing was expanded to include web applications and electronic commerce. These mission-critical applications were opened up to a far larger number of end users, customers and citizens with increasing expectations for 24x7 access and reliability. At the same time, business processes became increasingly delivered and conducted via the Internet, thus deepening our global reliance on cyberspace.

Application support for mission-critical “interactions” – Supporting high transaction and high volume applications, but also vital, mission-critical interactions among customers and employees.

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