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Water flows between two reservoirs through 800 ft of 12-inch diameter welded-steel pipe. The water surface...

Water flows between two reservoirs through 800 ft of 12-inch diameter welded-steel pipe. The water surface elevation difference between the two reservoirs is 16 ft.

Find the flowrate:

(a) assuming head loss is only due to pipe friction, and

(b) accounting for both friction losses and minor losses due to a flush square-edged pipe entrance, the pipe exit, and a half-open gate valve in the line. Assume the water temperature is 60°F.

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