The wall shear stress in a fully developed flow portion of a 18-in.-diameter pipe carrying water is 1.65 lb/ft2. Determine the pressure gradient, ∂p/∂x, where x is in the flow direction, if the pipe is (a) horizontal, (b) vertical with flow up, or (c) vertical with flow down.
Answers
a. -4.4 lb/ft3
b. -66.80 lb/ft3
c. 58 lb/ft3
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