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Discuss the differences among HI, BS, and FS in differential leveling. Mention what they are and...

Discuss the differences among HI, BS, and FS in differential leveling. Mention what they are and how they can be calculated.
Engineering   Civil-Engineering   
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Answer #1

Backsight (BS) :
It is a sight taken to the level rod placed at a point of known elevation (either a BM or TP) as shown in figure below.

Height of instrument (HI) :
It is the elevation of the line of
sight of the telescope ,it is measured as (Elevation of Benchmark (BM) +BS).

Foresight (FS) :
It is a sight taken on any point at staff to determine its elevation, elevation of this point is calculated as (HI-FS).BS and FS are sighted with the help of theodolite or autolevel. It is reading of staff where middle hair coincides.

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