conformational isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism in which
the isomers can be interconverted just by rotations about formally
single bonds and not by expenditure of relatively small amount of
energy.
Rotations about single bonds involve overcoming a rotational
energy barrier to interconvert one conformer to another. If the
energy barrier is low, there is free rotation and a sample of the
compound exists as a rapidly equilibrating mixture of multiple
conformers.