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Why is sodium benzoate easily extracted into H2O, while benzoic acid is not extracted into H2O?...

Why is sodium benzoate easily extracted into H2O, while benzoic acid is not extracted into H2O?

How do you know which ionic compounds are soluble in water?

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Answer #1

The solubility of Sodium bezoate is higher than the solubility of Benzoic acid

Solubility of Sodium benzoate = 62.8g/100ml

Solubility of Benzoic acid = 0.34g/100ml

due to this solubility difference , Sodium benzoate is easily extracted but not benzoic acid

Why this much solubility difference?

Sodium benzoate is ionic compound , we can write the formula as C6H5COO-Na+ and it is a strong electrolyte with dissociation into C6H5COO- and Na+ in water

Benzoic acid is not an ionic compound but it is molecular compound with weak dissociation

C6H5COOH <-------> C6H5COO- + H+

Ka = [C6H5COO- ] [ H+ ]/[C6H5COOH]= 6.28×10^-5

Ionic compounds like Sodium benzote are highly soluble in polar solvents like water and strong electrolyte

Molecular compounds like Benzoic acid are not soluble in polar solvents like water and are weak electrolyte

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