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Which solvent system is more polar 30% Acetone/70% Hexane OR Ethanol? How would you be able...

Which solvent system is more polar 30% Acetone/70% Hexane OR Ethanol? How would you be able to tell this from a column chromatography?

I am just confused about this. I think that it would be Ethanol. But I am unsure how to tell that from the column chromatography because wouldn't the more polar solvent take the beta carotene with it instead of the chlorophyll?

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Answer #1

Ethanol has terminal hydroxyl group and hence has more polar character then the carbonyl C=O in acetone, which makes ethanol more polar than the acetone. Now in chromatography, if we run TLC containing beta carotene + Chlorophyll using Ethanol or 30-70% Acetone-Hexane mixture, then in Ethanol run, Chlorophyll will move faster and in Acetone-Hexane mixture solvent run, beta carotene will move faster. This is because, we are changing mobile phase polarity. Polar solvent will make polar compound move faster then non-polar or less polar compounds and viz. Beta carotene is pure hydrocarbon containing C=C and there are no polar groups such as hydroxyl present in the molecule. Whereas, in Chlorophyll there are polar groups present such as Mg-complex, hydroxyl etc. and which makes the molecule more polar as compared to beta-carotene.

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