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The Solvay process for the manufacture of sodium carbonate begins by passing ammonia and carbon dioxide...

The Solvay process for the manufacture of sodium carbonate begins by passing ammonia and carbon dioxide through a solution of sodium chloride to make sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride. The equation for this reaction is H2O + NaCl + NH3 + CO2 NH4Cl + NaHCO3 In the next step, sodium bicarbonate is heated to give sodium carbonate and two gases, carbon dioxide and steam. 2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O What is the theoretical yield of sodium carbonate, expressed in grams, if 159 g of NaCl were used in the first reaction? If 78.8 g of Na2CO3 was obtained, what was the percentage yield?

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Answer #1

The reactions involved are

H2O + NaCl + NH3 +CO2 ---------> NH4Cl + NaHCO3

2 NaHCO3 -------------------------------------> Na2CO3 +CO2 + H2O

Using the principle of atomic conservation for Na, that is assuming all the Na is converted completely into the final product.

Thus moles of Na in NaCl = moles of na in product

159/58.5 = 2 x weight of Na2CO3 / 106

Thus weight of Na2CO3 otained theoretically = 143.15

If 78.8g of Na2CO3 is obtained then % yield = Na2CO3 obtianedx100 / theoretical yield

= [78.8x100] /143.15

= 55.05%

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