Question

Identify the hybrid and non-hybrid atomic orbitals (s, p, sp, sp², sp³) formed by the following.

(a) the C(1) atom in 3-hexene, an alkene

This carbon atom forms 4 equivalent sp³ orbitals.

This carbon atom forms 3 equivalent sp² orbitals and retains 1 p orbital.    

This carbon forms 2 equivalent sp orbitals and retains 2 p orbitals.

This carbon does not hybridize and retains its s and all 3 p orbitals.

(b) the C(3) atom in 3-hexene, an alkene

This carbon atom forms 4 equivalent sp³ orbitals.

This carbon atom forms 3 equivalent sp² orbitals and retains 1 p orbital.    

This carbon forms 2 equivalent sp orbitals and retains 2 p orbitals.

This carbon does not hybridize and retains its s and all 3 p orbitals.

(c) the C(2) atom in 2-hexyne, an alkyne

This carbon atom forms 4 equivalent sp³ orbitals.

This carbon atom forms 3 equivalent sp² orbitals and retains 1 p orbital.    

This carbon forms 2 equivalent sp orbitals and retains 2 p orbitals.

This carbon does not hybridize and retains its s and all 3 p orbitals.

Answer 1

(a) the C(1) atom in 3-hexene, an alkene

Correct answer is This carbon atom forms 4 equivalent sp³ orbitals.

(b) the C(3) atom in 3-hexene, an alkene

Correct answer is This carbon atom forms 3 equivalent sp² orbitals and retains 1 p orbital.

(c) the C(2) atom in 2-hexyne, an alkyne

Correct answer is This carbon forms 2 equivalent sp orbitals and retains 2 p orbitals.

Explanation

(a) the C(1) atom in 3-hexene has sp³ hybridization and 4 single bonds with hydrogen

(b) the C(3) atom in 3-hexene has sp² hybridization and 2 single bonds with hydrogen and 1 double bond with carbon atom

(c) the C(2) atom in 2-hexyne has sp hybridization and 1 single bonds with hydrogen and 1 triple bond with carbon atom