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Why does dimethyl sulfoxide produce a faster SN2 reaction than an SN2 reaction with ethanol as...

Why does dimethyl sulfoxide produce a faster SN2 reaction than an SN2 reaction with ethanol as the solvent?
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Answer #1

why ethanol is not suitable for SN2

one most importnat factor that affects the rate of SN2 reaction is solvent .

polar protic solvent unfavourable SN2 reaction due to nucleophile may be form hydrogen bonding with solvent.

ethanol is polar protic solvent so reactivity slower in ethanol solvent

why DMSO suitable for SN2:

The SN2 reaction is favored by polar aprotic solvents – these are solvents such as acetone, DMSO, acetonitrile, or DMF that are polar enough to dissolve the substrate and nucleophile but do not participate in hydrogen bonding with the nucleophile.

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