Question

6 compounds

1-butanol

acetone

methanol

butanone

1-propanol

ethanol

Use these compounds to answer the question:

1. a. Two of the liquids, butanone and 1-butanol, have similar molar masses (74.1 and 72.1 g/mol respectively) but have significantly different delta T values (this is from observing EVAPORATION AND INTERMOLECULAR FORCES). Explain the difference in delta T values of these substances based on their intermolecular forces.

b. Which of the ALCOHOLS studied has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction?
the weakest intermolecular forces?
Explain uses expected trends of decreasing Delta T with increasing molar mass within a chemical series.

c. Which of the KETONES studied has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction?
the weakest intermolecular forces?
Explain uses expected trends of decreasing Delta T with increasing molar mass within a chemical series.

d. Explain why a swimmer feels chilled when getting out of the water during a Santa Ana wind event. Santa Ana winds are fast moving with very LOW humidity.

Answer 1

1.a. The intermolecular forces are strong in 1-butanol ( H-bonding) and weak in butanone (dipole-dipole). Therefore  T changes.

1.b. 1-butanol has the strongest force of attraction whereas methanol has the weakest force of attraction.

1.c. Butanone has the strongest and acetone has the weakest force of attraction.

1.d. When swimmer comes out from the water then the water droplets present on the body get evaporate by absorbing  heat from the body, therefore, loss of heat results in chilled feeling.